The trend in aircraft design is to maximize survivability. Aircraft Fuel Systems provide one of the primary areas applicable to survivability enhancement. This paper analyses the non-nuclear threats which are encountered most often during combat situations and the most common damage responses to these threats. The Predominate failure modes for particular design configurations ane the concepts to protect these designs are examined. Methodology has been developed to evaluate the weight and volume effect of survivable design enhancements. The methods developed here present a significant advancement in the capability to access and evaluate survivable fuel systems.