SAWE Technical Papers

@inproceedings{1356,

title = {1356. Subcontractor Weight Control},

author = {A R Tilt},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1356},

year  = {1980},

date = {1980-05-01},

booktitle = {39th Annual Conference, St. Louis, Missouri, May 12-14},

pages = {16},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {St. Louis, Missouri},

abstract = {The current trend in aircraft design and manufacture is to subcontract a larger number of structural segments to other companies. As more countries expand their technical capabilities, many aircraft sales are now tied to work sharing programs, which include the design and manufacture of aircraft segments at offsite locations all over the world. Several major programs have utilized this concept. The prime contractor provides the overall program management and also provides the facility for final assembly. 

The diversification of design responsibility, the mechanical relationship of one segment to the other and the individual technical expertise of each company complicates the task of weight control for the overall program. Effective subcontractor weight control requires a plan that is flexible and adaptable to cope with these problems. It is equally important that the prime and subcontractor work together through implementation of this plan to achieve a mutual goal of minimum weight. This paper examines these complex problems and offers guidelines for the management of a workable weight control program for subcontractors.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1297,

title = {1297. Communicating in Today's Engineering Environment},

author = {R E Johnston and G V Smith},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1297},

year  = {1979},

date = {1979-05-01},

booktitle = {38th Annual Conference, New York, New York, May 7-9},

pages = {16},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {New York, New York},

abstract = {In a modern society, a manager is a professional communicator. He or she may spend nearly half of his or her working day communicating. The managerw ill hold meetings, or interviews, read or write memos and reports, talk to others, or listen to others. 

As managers, then, we must concern ourselves with communication. We must constantly strive to improve the effectiveness of our communication. We must recognize that there are barriers to good communication. We must remember that communication is a complicated, two-way process. Our degree of success in accomplishing our organizational and personal goals depends on our skills in communicating information. Communication is our most important working skill; it is a part of all of our working skills. 

Thousands of books and periodicals describe the communication process and its problems. Our purpose in preparing this paper is not to repeat that wealth of data in summary form. Nor is it our purpose to introduce some new breakthrough that will allow us all to become 'expert' communicators. It is our intent to provide an overview, or reminder, of the communication principles necessary to the development of a framework useful to an engineering manager in assessing his or her individual communication situation. 

We have focused on communicating in today's engineering environment. We describe several of the more important communication problems faced by engineering managers today. We hope this paper will remind the reader of something he or she may have taken for granted, and will help the reader gain the insight necessary to face the communication problems that are present in his or her individual situation. For those who wish to read further, and it is strongly recommended, a bibliography is provided listing a number of references with which the authors are familiar. Organizafional Communication, by Gerald Goldhaber is a particularly good source for those who may wish to study further, but do not plan their reading to become a life-long project. 

During the author's combined experience in engineering organizations, now totaling almost 

fifty years, we have observed on many occasions various communication breakdowns that have virtually destroyed organizational effectiveness. As engineers, and as engineering managers, we must strive to improve our communication practices to avoid such breakdowns. If this paper helps the reader toward that goal, its purpose will have been achieved.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1298,

title = {1298. Focus on People ASD's People Program Experiment},

author = {Maj D G Robinson and L N Lt. Col Decarlo},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1298},

year  = {1979},

date = {1979-05-01},

booktitle = {38th Annual Conference, New York, New York, May 7-9},

pages = {8},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {New York, New York},

abstract = {This paper outlines the creation, operational methods and some results of the US Air Force's Aeronautical Systems Division's Management Development Team. This team provides a mechanism whereby t h e feelings and perceptions of the people in the work force may be determined and various level of management made aware of this is in a non-threatening manner. The team works only at the invitation of the leaders of the organizations and keeps the source of all the perceptions it surfaces anonymous. Through the use of surveys and interviews the team collects data and then feeds it back to managers. If these managers desire help in reacting to the perception that are surfaced, the team provides follow-up activities in form of workshops and seminars. One of the firs functional areas for which data was collected was that of engineering. Some of the positive perceptions these people indicated they felt were that they had challenging jabs that provided independence, flexibility and responsibility. The major negative factors they perceived as impacting their work satisfaction were inadequate manning, heavy workload and poor promotion potential. These perceptions were fed back to the management of the engineering organization with suggestions as to how they could make the most effective use of the data . Team building/problem solving workshops have been effectively used to help organizations build a common understanding and agreement on the goals of the organization and clarify the roles of work group members. The response of both management and the work force to the activities of the Management Development Team has been very positive. We feel that we are on the road to developing increased productivity and personal satisfaction among the people who work in Aeronautical Systems Division.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1220,

title = {1220. Mass Data - Integrated in a Hardware Related Data Organization},

author = {D Alwes},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1220},

year  = {1978},

date = {1978-05-01},

booktitle = {37th Annual Conference, Munich, West Germany, May 8-10},

pages = {32},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Munich, West Germany},

abstract = {In the various projects problems in recording of mass data appear frequently: the mass statistic is isolated from the part lists and is very often related only to one project. To trace back the data is difficult, if there is no definite relation to the hardware that means related to part lists and drawing systems. 

A possibility of solution for a systematic recording and controlling of mass data is a data bank, based on a modular parts list organization, which can be used independent of the various projects as far as possible. 

The ERNO Company has developed a data bank, called 'MSO' (Maschinelle Sachdaten Organization), which is qualified to combine parts lists, drawings, mass data, material data, etc. 

The data bank structure of the MSO allows combining mass data on mounting level and on subsystem level. This seems to be very important, if a customer gives out a work order distinguished between diverse subsystems. 

Subroutines with access to the MSO combine masses, CG's, moments of inertia, etc. of the parts for each level.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1230,

title = {1230. Mass Properties Control and Management Program Plan - Section I},

author = {J T Werner},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1230},

year  = {1978},

date = {1978-05-01},

booktitle = {37th Annual Conference, Munich, West Germany, May 8-10},

pages = {30},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Munich, West Germany},

abstract = {This plan covers the requirements and responsibilities of the contractor to provide a weight and balance control system in accordance with Specification MIL-W-25140A and MIL-STD-1374. These specifications contain brief, general statements of requirements with respect to the organization and functioning of weight control personnel.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1180,

title = {1180. The Quality of Work Life Organizational Development at Trans World Airlines},

author = {A A Cross},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1180},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {6},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {Paralleling the need for increased productivity is the mounting concern to provide employees a work environment that lends itself to increased job satisfaction. Today's better educated employees are seeking greater meaning in their work and more responsible roles in their organizations. 

At first glance it might appear that the issue of productivity and the concern for human needs in the workplace are in no way related. To some, attention to the latter will only detract from the former. 

However, there is evidence inside as well as outside of TWA that a close relationship exists between increasing productivity and meeting human needs. There are strong indications that efforts to meet human needs in the workplace - to improve the quality of work life - must be a part of any effort to increase business performance. Moreover, experience has shown that progress can be made toward both of these objectives through the use of identical approaches.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1193,

title = {1193. Women in the Mainstream of Management},

author = {M M Dr. Wood},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1193},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {10},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {Since 1950, women have been entering business at a greater rate than ever before. They are serious about their careers; work is no longer a stepping stone to marriage. Though most women are still choosing traditionally female occupations, more and more are moving into male domains. Gains are less rapid in management, but women now hold significantly important executive positions at major corporations. Today, about 1.5% of top management are women; 5% of middle management; and 15% of entering management. Men report they are bringing different ways of looking at problems . . . ways equally good as-men's perceptions but not necessarily identical. Wherever women are making their way into higher positions, the worst of the struggle is over. Men and women agree that tensions, feelings of threat, and apprehensions rapidly disappear. But, in spite of their gains, women's salaries are still lagging behind men's and the gap is widening. On the average, women earn 59% as much as men. However, in 'male' or neutral jobs, women may earn up to 80% of what men earn. Though this, in part, may be by preference - many women have personal conflicts - about one-third of the differential is attributed to discrimination. This paper discusses women's gains, sex-role conflicts where men and women are working out new relationships, and strategies for dealing with the problems, whether a man or woman simply wishes to cope with a changing world or to change and grow with a situation that offers exciting opportunities for both men and women.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1194,

title = {1194. Matrix Management at the Aeronautical Systems Division},

author = {E Low},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1194},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {14},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {Since the fission of the Air Materiel Command some twenty years ago into the Air Force Systems Command (AFSC) and the Air Force Logistics Command (AFLC), the Air Force has been committed to the 'project management' approach. The AFSC Product Divisions such as the Aeronautical Systems Division (ASD) have been characterized by multiple strong, largely self-contained system program office (SPO) organizations accompanied by relatively small central functional staffs. In contrast, private sector organizations tend to be primarily functional structures. Most of the literature on matrix management is thus oriented toward functional companies moving via the matrix toward project management. We are moving the opposite direction. That difference creates certain problems unique to ASD. 

The ASD structure has reflected the Air Force dedication to the project management concept. Our primary exception to SPO total self-sufficiency has been the ASD/EM organic engineering force (currently comprised of about 1700 people) which has been matrixed to the SPO's for a dozen years. Otherwise, our functional skills have been distributed to project organizations. That organizational philosophy, coupled with the rapid expansion of aeronautical system acquisition activities in the last eight years, has led to the creation of an increasing number of project organizations. The F-111, F-15, F-16 fighters, B-l bomber, A-10 attack, and C-5 cargo aircraft all grew into sizable SPO organizations within that period.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1195,

title = {1195. Human Performance - Management Style and Human Values},

author = {W J Huber},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1195},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {28},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {Throughout my career- in industry, consulting, and education, I have been searching for those principles that provide the basis for superior individual or group performance. Many approaches have been offered in the recent past, ranging from theories X, Y, and Z to Management by Objectives and Job Enrichment. Those reviewed are quite useful in some situations; but they do not seem to have the needed general applicability nor are they based upon more fundamental principles. It is the purpose of this paper to review the findings of my search and to provide the essentials upon which, I believe, a more inclusive management system may be used. In particular, I will attempt to relate performance to management style as determined by a system of human values.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1196,

title = {1196. Developing New Role Relationships for Men and Women in Business},

author = {J L Mitchell},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1196},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {9},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {It has taken over a decade of legislation from the Federal Government followed by thousands of E.E.O.C. discrimination suits and expensive settlements and relentless agitation by pro-women's movement leaders to bring about the recent increase in the number of women in the management ranks of corporations. Like it or not, management faces a myriad of social and legal pressures to promote women. Over and above these pressures, some companies are starting to realize women are one of the largest untapped resources left today. For most women the challenge of management is still very new and exciting. They are eager and diligent workers because they sense they are the pioneers of their generation. 

Most men, when faced with this fresh burst of enthusiasm and ambition are taken aback, shocked, resentful, and sometimes even fearful. How do they deal with this interloper who has suddenly been given the key to the executive washroom? Unfortunately, not very well. Many times it is strained, awkward, and embarrassing. 

On the other hand, how should the female act as the first woman executive the company has ever had? She is definitely not a secretary anymore but she is not 'one of the boys' either. Suddenly her friends and female peers are beneath her and there is no other female at her level or above to look to as a role model. What difficulties does she encounter in her lonely struggle to be a super-manager or is it a super-woman? 

Both problems can result in emotionally charged conflicts if the situation is not anticipated by the company. Males and females need consciousness raising training sessions to learn new role relationships and open new lines of communication with each other. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problems confronting both parties which lead to the breakdown of communication and how these problems can be dealt with effectively in training sessions.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1200,

title = {1200. Transactional Analysis in Supervision and Management},

author = {Y P Dr. Manchanda},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1200},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {25},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {In his quest of getting the work done through people a manager is on constant look-out of new tools and methods. Transactional Analysis is one such new tool which originated in psychotherapy but has found tremendous application in management. An attempt has been made in this paper to define the basic concepts and terms of T and their application in the process of management. Terminology of TA is explained in terms of human personality the development of their ego states of Parent, Adult and Child in a person. The attempt is made to define Strokes-the rewards or punishments, Scripts-repetitive behavior, four Life Positions of I'm not OK-You're OK, I'm not OK-You're not OK, I'm OK-You're not OK, I'm OK-You're OK, and Time Structuring-the way a person would like to spend most of his time (Withdrawals, Rituals, Activities, Past Time, Games, and Intimacies). Communication between two persons is later defined in terms of transactions and their kinds which is followed by examples of typical transactions. How TA can be used is discussed later. A manager can use it to motivated, counsel, develop or understand his subordinates.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1201,

title = {1201. Managing Engineers in an Affirmative Action Atmosphere},

author = {C C Monken},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1201},

year  = {1977},

date = {1977-05-01},

booktitle = {36th Annual Conference, San Diego, California, May 9-12},

pages = {12},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {The 'WHAT' and 'WHY' of AFFIRMATIVE ACTION is examined. Management of engineers in an affirmative action atmosphere is shown to be no different, to a good supervisor, than management of engineers has always been. Five points of good management are offered as an aid to becoming that good supervisor. Communications is identified as the key to reducing the emotional element associated with affirmative action.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1133,

title = {1133. Career Revolution in Aerospace Engineers},

author = {M J Dr. Driver},

year  = {1976},

date = {1976-05-01},

booktitle = {35th Annual Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 24-26},

pages = {-1},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Philadelphia, Pennsylvania},

abstract = {We are currently experiencing what can be termed a 'career revolution.' It has been traditional in American society for a person to train for a particular career or 'vocation' and then spend one's life developing as much within that career as possible. This type of career can be termed a 'linear career.' Linear careers ended with status followed by retirement. People who deviated from linear careers were viewed as unstable, disloyal or incompetent. Too frequent job or career change was viewed with alarm, particularly in people of advanced age. 

The linear career seems rooted in traditional American values of achievement, reliability and loyalty. Yet there are signs that these values are fading. McClelland in the Achieving Society fears that America has passed its prime in seeking achievement. The Viet Nam war had raised profound questions about the meaning of loyalty. The Watergate case has led many to doubt the reality of reliability as an American virtue. 

This erosion of traditional values is not necessarily leading to absolute chaos. On the contrary as Toffler in Future Shock points out, new values and life styles are emerging. In Toftier's future world adaptability, change and variety are the new foundations of value. Galbraith in the New Industrial State paints a different world in which complex long-range planning and control are employed by professional elites to offset Future Shock. Maslow and other humanistic psychologists paint yet another world in which man constantly seeks to grow and develop his inner potential. In both the emerging worlds of Toffler and Maslow, careers are no longer stable linear phenomena. On the contrary, careers are vehicles for adaptation and growth, which means that frequent changes of work or even career paths are common. Such a career concept we will term 'spiritual.' 

Not only do values seem to be changing; one also senses changes in the very process of thinking. Psychology has recently discovered that men learn not only facts but habits of thought. These thinking habits affect our perception, our memory - our very decision making.},

note = {Paper Missing},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1134,

title = {1134. What Triggers Engineers?},

author = {J G Lotta},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1134},

year  = {1976},

date = {1976-05-01},

booktitle = {35th Annual Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 24-26},

pages = {16},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Philadelphia, Pennsylvania},

abstract = {Getting work done through other people has been the function of administrators from the early times. Any sizeable organization employs the professionals. It is the responsibility of the administrator to find out ways and means of having better productivity and raising the morale of these professionals. He has to find methods of triggering them. This study was undertaken to consider Professor Herzberg's six motivational and ten hygiene factors so that the administrators could use them as tools for proper management. The result of the study has indicated that there are vast perceptual differences between different types of engineers. To supervising engineers the Control of Work was most important, whereas for non-supervising engineers the most important motivators were Meaningful Work and Salary and Fringe Benefits. The younger engineers attached more importance to Personal Growth and Financial Benefits, whereas older and established engineers preferred Meaningful Work and Personal Life as very important. Meaningful Work and Company Policy was considered critical by engineers with High School diplomas, while engineers with PhDs considered Accomplishments and Job Security as very important. The engineers entering the field of engineering also considered Meaningful Work and Ability of the Supervisors very important, whereas engineers with service of more than 21 years preferred Accomplishment and Company Policy. In short, this study provides an administrator with the tools of motivation to be used for different types of engineers, under different environments, to have a (10-10) organization, an organization with high productivity, integrated goals, committed employees, and high morale.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{1006,

title = {1006. Weight Engineering Approach in the A300 Program as an Example of International Cooperation},

author = {A H Riedmann},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-1006},

year  = {1974},

date = {1974-05-01},

booktitle = {33rd Annual Conference, Fort Worth, Texas, May 6-8},

pages = {64},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Fort Worth, Texas},

abstract = {Certain countries in the European Air- and Spacecraft industry have been cooperating in various programs over the last 15 years. The following Transport A/C have been designed and built by different partners during this time, listed in order of first flight dates. 

- Transall 

- Concorde 

- F-28 

- Airbus 

Fig. 1 enumerates the cooperating and the participating countries and partners for these aircraft. 

This paper will use the A 300 development and will give some aspects of the weight engineering approach used in this international program.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{0858,

title = {858. The Weight Engineer's Role in Management Control},

author = {B M Lake},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-0858},

year  = {1970},

date = {1970-05-01},

booktitle = {29th Annual Conference, Washington, D. C., May 4-6},

pages = {31},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Washington, DC},

abstract = {The shipbuilding scene of today is one of constant change. Total Package Procurement, contract definition design techniques, multiple ship contract's, modular construction methods, assembly line fabrication and construction all reflect the change which is required by cost reduction, quicker delivery and competition. At the same time the profile of the weight engineer has been transformed from a semi-technical clerical type to a combination of engineer, ship systems and structures analyst and computer program manager. The change in the shipbuilding scene requires improved management control systems and information with which to plan, schedule, forecast and account for progress in design and construction. Today management is recognizing the weight engineer as a useful tool with which to generate the many and varied tabulated statements needed for management control. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive view of the areas of shipbuilding planning and production in which the weight engineer should play an important role. The following pages describe how a weight engineer's control system can be expanded to function within an existing production control system in a major private shipyard.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{0417,

title = {417. Cargo Densities},

author = {R. E. Beaudry},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-0417},

year  = {1964},

date = {1964-05-01},

urldate = {1964-05-01},

booktitle = {23rd National Conference / Sheraton, Dallas Hotel, Southland Center, Dallas, Texas May 18-21},

pages = {16},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Dallas, Texas},

abstract = {During previous sessions of the S.A.W.E. various papers have been presented in connection with Cargo Densities. However, one of the problems that has always arisen is the extreme difficulty of obtaining cargo density data from other airlines, or in other words on a world wide basis.



The current situation differs little and therefore this paper is mainly based on Trans Canada Air Lines experience and surveys conducted within our own organization. Thus the

data contained in this paper is of necessity extremely restricted and we consider the paper only barely scratches the surface of a subject that requires far deeper penetration. However, it may give some indication of cargo density experienced within one carrier and consequently assist in stimulating other airlines who have not already done so to give this particular subject closer consideration.



Further it might also serve to emphasize the importance to all airlines in cooperating far more closely in this area, in an effort to attempt to establish some form of consolidated statistics which could be made available to all carriers and to manufacturers. These would be invaluable in many areas of planning and development.

},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{0273,

title = {273. Weight Engineering and the Operational ICBM},

author = {R E Hughes and R D C Whilden},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-0273},

year  = {1961},

date = {1961-05-01},

booktitle = {20th National Conference, Akron, Ohio, May 15-18},

pages = {16},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Akron, Ohio},

abstract = {This paper was presented at the Twentieth National Conference of the Society of Aeronautical Weight Engineers at Akron, Ohio, May 15 - 18, 1961. Development of the ICBM into an operational weapon system has introduced changes in military and contractor organizational concepts, including that of proper weight support. In this paper, the many facets of operational ICBM weight support are discussed briefly, to define the scope and nature of basic problems for those engineers not closely associated with ballistic missiles. Discussion of the new complexity of weight technology then leads to certain conclusions concerning the changing role of the Weight Engineer. 

Subjects under discussion include weight data requirement, sources of data, information flow channels, and the usage of data in operational targeting. The discussion of actual field operations is limited to some degree by security requirements and also by the fact that certain aspects of the program are still under development. However, this does not affect the main body of the paper. Many of the topics to be mentioned warrant individual treatment in separate papers. It is not the intent here to go into detailed discussions of missile performance analysis, statistics in weights, R and D flight testing, etc. Rather, these subjects are brought together to present a general view of the role of weights in large ballistic missiles. 

The conclusions drawn will help to stimulate interest in those areas of weight technology requiring increased analytical support. Hopefully, the individual Weight Engineer will also find a stimulus to enlarge his own capability in this increasingly complex technology.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{0297,

title = {297. Weight Group Operation in Relation to the Bureau of Naval Weapons},

author = {P W Steinberger and J A Thomas},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-0297},

year  = {1961},

date = {1961-05-01},

booktitle = {20th National Conference, Akron, Ohio, May 15-18},

pages = {14},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Akron, Ohio},

abstract = {This paper was presented at the 20th Annual National Conference of the Society of Aeronautical Weight Engineers at Akron, Ohio, May 15-18, 1961. This paper describes a 'counterpart' system used to promote communication between the weight engineer and the design team, as weight engineers frequently must operate through lengthy formal channels, which leave them virtually as anonymous members of the design team. In the TALOS program, Bendix as prime contractor, the Bureau of naval Weapons and its associated agencies, the Technical Director, and all the major subcontractors have developed a 'counterpart' system which expedites, and assists in, the development of a weapon system program. In the counterpart system, cognizant individuals in each of these agencies, at similar levels, in their respective organization with similar design responsibilities, communicate directly with each other on a frequent, informal basis to resolve program problems. This paper further describes in detail the functioning of this counterpart system in the TALOS weapon system program, and shows relationships between the prime contractor's weight group and the Bureau of Naval Weapons and its associated agencies, the Technical Director, and within the Mishawaka Division of the Bendix Corporation.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{0140,

title = {140. The Graduate Engineer in the Field of Weight Control},

author = {O A Kelley},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-0140},

year  = {1956},

date = {1956-04-01},

booktitle = {15th National Conference, El Cortez Hotel, San Diego, California, April 30 - May 4},

pages = {8},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {San Diego, California},

abstract = {Before discussing the subject, it is necessary to define the functions of a weight control group; to define what we have 10 offer graduate engineers. Detail functions of a weight control group have been discussed many times before. Therefore, only the broad functions need be reviewed. These broad functions may be categorized as weight research and development, weight analysis, weight accounting and project weight supervision. There is a need for graduate engineers in each of these categories except weight accoijnt1ng. The continuous program of research and development in weight estimation, and new materials and equipment requires sound engineering judgement. Weight analysis is beginning to require more and more specialized techniques that are only found in certain types of engineering background. Project weight supervision not only requires the broad experience gained from association with various phases of weight control work1 but also requires a sharp technical judgement and sound knowledge op analytical methods. It is then obvious that a weight control group would be more efficient and effective if the greater part of the personnel were graduate engineers.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}