%0 Conference Paper %B 52nd Annual Conference, Biloxi, Mississippi, May 24-26 %D 1993 %T 2175. Making Single-Stage-To-Orbit Work %A MacConochie, Ian O. %K 18. Weight Engineering - Spacecraft Design %X A number of studies of manned earth-to-orbit transportation systems have been made in support of future space activities. Considerable emphasis in the studies has been placed on full reusability as a means of reducing operational costs. De first two stages of the Saturn V vehicle are used as a means of comparing expendables with two-stage fully reusables. Like the Saturn vehicle, LOX/RP is used in the first stage and LOX/LH is used in the second stage of the example vertical-takeoff-horizontal-landing launch vehicle with reusable stages. In an example reusable single stage, LOX, RP, and LH are used in the same stage. Staging normally has a strong influence in reducing launch vehicle weight, However, when the reusability rule is invoked, the difference between a two-stage and a single-stage, particularly in dry weight, is not large. This leads to the selection of the single-stage reusable because the concept is less complex than the two-stage reusable. A horizontal-takeoff, horizontal-landing single-stage option using air breathers is briefly discussed, but the reusable dual-fuel, vertical-takeoff is the focal point of the paper. %B 52nd Annual Conference, Biloxi, Mississippi, May 24-26 %I Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc. %C Biloxi, Mississippi %P 16 %8 5/24/93 %G eng %U https://www.sawe.org/papers/2175/buy %9 18. WEIGHT ENGINEERING - SPACECRAFT DESIGN %M 2175 %1 Non-Member Price: $20.00; Member Price: $10.00 Members: First 10 product downloads are Free. %2 10.00 %3 20 %4 SAWE2175